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Damages to the body due to diabetes.
Diabetes is a chronic disease that causes elevated blood sugar (glucose) levels. Our body cells need glucose to provide energy, but without the help of the hormone insulin, the body cells cannot absorb this glucose. In diabetes, the body cannot produce insulin properly or the insulin does not work properly. This increases blood sugar, which can harm various body organs long-term.
Damage to the body due to diabetes:
Diabetes mainly causes two types of damage - damage to small blood vessels (microvascular) and damage to large blood vessels (macrovascular). These two types of damage have harmful effects on various organs and systems of the body.
1. Eye problems (diabetic retinopathy)
Diabetes damages the blood vessels, especially the blood vessels in the eye's retina. This eye problem, called diabetic retinopathy, reduces vision and can lead to blindness in long-term uncontrolled diabetes. Diabetes also increases the risk of cataracts and glaucoma.
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2. Kidney problems (diabetic nephropathy)
People with diabetes are at an extremely high risk of kidney damage. If the kidney's blood vessels are damaged, it can lead to kidney failure or kidney failure. Diabetic nephropathy may require long-term dialysis or a kidney transplant.
3. Nerve damage (diabetic neuropathy)
Nerves are also damaged due to diabetes. This condition, called diabetic neuropathy, can cause numbness, pain, or tingling in the feet, fingers, and other parts of the body. Sometimes diabetes causes ulcers in the feet, which if not healed in time can lead to serious infection or amputation.
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4. Heart disease and stroke
Diabetes causes the walls of blood vessels to harden and narrow, preventing blood from flowing properly. This increases the risk of heart disease. Diabetes also increases the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, irregular heartbeat, and stroke.
5. Foot wounds and infections
Damage to the nerves and blood vessels in diabetes can easily lead to ulcers in the feet. If that wound does not heal properly or becomes infected, there is a risk of amputation. Decreased foot circulation increases the chance of foot infections.
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6. Tooth and gum problems
High blood sugar levels in diabetes can cause gum and tooth damage. Gingivitis, gum swelling, and tooth decay are common problems among diabetics.
7. Skin problems
Diabetes can lead to dry skin and skin infections. Skin blisters, dryness, and sores are common among diabetics.
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8. Digestive problems
Diabetes can damage the nerves and muscles of the digestive system. This causes a condition called gastroparesis, where food slowly moves out of the stomach. This results in vomiting, abdominal pain, and indigestion.
9. Sexual health problems
Diabetes can cause sexual health problems in both men and women. Erectile dysfunction in men and loss of sexual excitement, vaginal dryness, etc. in women.
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10. Effects on mental health
In addition to the long-term physical complications of diabetes, mental health can also be affected. Many diabetics suffer from depression and anxiety, which can interfere with controlling their blood sugar levels.
Prevention and Control
Regular physical examinations, healthy eating, and weight control are very important to control the harmful effects of diabetes on the body. It is also important to take certain medications and develop physical activity habits to control diabetes. The long-term damage of diabetes can be prevented with lifestyle changes and awareness as advised by the doctor.
Conclusion
Diabetes is a serious health problem, which can cause long-term damage to various organs and systems of the body. However, this damage can be prevented with regular treatment, a healthy lifestyle, and controlling blood sugar levels. Being aware of diabetes and getting timely treatment is essential to improve health and avoid long-term complications.
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